Flow Separation Characteristics of Tandem Minibus Model Configuration

Melkiyanto; Nasaruddin Salam; Rustan Tarakka

doi:10.46604/aiti.2024.13942

Authors

Melkiyanto Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa, Indonesia
Nasaruddin Salam Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa, Indonesia
Rustan Tarakka Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46604/aiti.2024.13942

Keywords:

pressure coefficient, flow separation, tandem minibus configuration, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), fluent software

Abstract

This study aims to determine the characteristics of the pressure coefficient and fluid flow separation in a tandem minibus model using the Fluent 6.3.26 computational method and experimental testing in a wind tunnel. Pressure measurements are taken by installing 14 pressure taps connected to a manometer on a 1:40-scale minibus model. Tests were conducted at five different distances between minibuses in a series configuration at seven-speed levels. The results showed that at the highest speed tested, minimal flow separation occurred at a distance ratio of L/D = 0.455, with values of C_P = -0.083 in the first minibus and C_P = -0.250 in the second minibus. This configuration is identified as the optimal spacing to reduce aerodynamic disturbance in the tandem minibus system.

References

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. A. Jimran, and M. Ihsan, “Flow Separation in Four Configurations of Three Tandem Minibus Models,” International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, vol. 10. no. 5, pp. 236-247, 2021.

H. Kepekçi, “Investigation of the Effect of the Use of Top Deflectors on Aerodynamic Performance in Vehicles with CFD Analysis,” International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 44-50, 2023.

D. Kumar, K. Sourav, and S. Sen, “Steady Separated Flow Around a Pair of Identical Square Cylinders in Tandem Array at Low Reynolds Numbers,” Computer & Fluids, vol. 191, article no. 104244, 2019.

Z. ul-Islam, S. ul-Islam, and C. Y. Zhou, “The Wake and Force Statistics of Flow Past Tandem Rectangles,” Ocean Engineering, vol. 236, article no. 109476, 2021.

G. Chen, X. F. Liang, D. Zhou, X. B. Li, and F. S. Lien, “Numerical Study of Flow and Noise Predictions for Tandem Cylinders Using Incompressible Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation Combined with Acoustic Perturbation Equations,” Ocean Engineering, vol. 224, article no. 108740, 2021.

D. Zhang, D. Liang, J. Deng, Y. Liu, and J. Xie, “On the Spanwise Periodicity within the Gap Between Two Different-Sized Tandem Circular Cylinders at Re = 3900,” Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 12, no. 6, article no. 866, 2024.

M. R. Rastan and M. M. Alam, “Transition of Wake Flows Past Two Circular or Square Cylinders in Tandem,” Physics of Fluids, vol. 33, no. 8, article no. 081705, 2021.

P. G. de Moraes and L. A. A. Pereira, “Surface Roughness Effects on Flows Past Two Circular Cylinders in Tandem Arrangement at Co-Shedding Regime,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 24, article no. 8237, 2021.

R. Dubois and T. Andrianne, “Flow Around Tandem Rough Cylinders: Effects of Spacing and Flow Regimes,” Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 109, article no. 103465, 2022.

N. Salam, I. N. G. Wardana, S. Wahyudi, and D. Widhiyanuriyawan, “Fluid Flow Through Triangular and Square Cylinders,” Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 193-200, 2014.

A. Etminan, M. Moosavi, and N. Ghaedsharafi, “Characteristics of Aerodynamics Forces Acting on Two Square Cylinders in the Streamwise Direction and Its Wake Patterns,” Proceedings of European Conference of Chemical Engineering, and European Conference of Civil Engineering, and European Conference of Mechanical Engineering, and European Conference of Control, pp. 209-217, 2010.

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. Ihsan, and M. A. Jimran, “Flow Drags Across Three Minibus Car Models Arranged in Tandem in Four Configurations,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1173, article no. 012046, 2021.

R. Maryami, S. A. S. Ali, M. Azarpeyvand, A. A. Dehghan, and A. Afshari, “The Influence of Cylinders in Tandem Arrangement on Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads,” Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, vol. 139, article no. 110709, 2022.

S. Ahmad, Shams-ul-Islam, H. Waqas, D. Liu, T. Muhammad, I. Khan, et al., “Flow Transition and Fluid Forces Reduction for Flow Around Two Tandem Cylinders,” Results in Physics, vol. 51, article no. 106681, 2023.

X. Du, Q. Xu, H. Dong, and L. Chen, “Physical Mechanisms behind the Extreme Wind Pressures on Two Tandem Square Cylinders,” Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 231, article no. 105249, 2022.

H. Abdul-Rahman, H. Moria, and M. R. Rasani, “Aerodynamic Study of Three Cars in Tandem Using Computational Fluid Dynamics,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 8228-8240, 2021.

A. H. Rabiee, F. Rafieian, and A. Mosavi, “Active Vibration Control of Tandem Square Cylinders for Three Different Phenomena: Vortex-Induced Vibration, Galloping, and Wake-Induced Vibration,” Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 12019-12037, 2022.

P. Sikdar, S. M. Dash, K. P. Sinhamahapatra, and A. Sharma, “Splitter Plate-Based Flow Control Study for Two Square Cylinders in Tandem Arrangement,” Ocean Engineering, vol. 281, article no. 115022, 2023.

R. Radovic, F. Salehi, and S. Diasinos, “A Detailed Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Interactions of Tandem Wheels on a Generic Vehicle,” Fluids, vol. 8, no. 10, article no. 281, 2023.

Q. Zhang, R. Xue, and H. Li, “Aerodynamic Exploration for Tandem Wings with Smooth or Corrugated Surfaces at Low Reynolds Number,” Aerospace, vol. 10, no. 5, article no. 427, 2023.

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, J. Jalaluddin, and R. Bachmid, “The Effect of the Addition of Inlet Disturbance Body (IDB) to Flow Resistance Through the Square Cylinders Arranged in Tandem,” International Review of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 181-190, 2017.

H. Zhu, J. Zhong, Z. Shao, T. Zhou, and M. M. Alam, “Fluid-Structure Interaction Among Three Tandem Circular Cylinders Oscillating Transversely at a Low Reynolds Number of 150,” Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 130, article no. 104204, 2024.

T. Liu, L. Zhou, D. Huang, H. Zhang, and C. Wei, “Aspect Ratio and Interference Effects on Flow Over Two Rectangular Cylinders in Tandem Arrangement,” Ocean Engineering, vol. 271, article no. 113731, 2023.

Y. A. Cengel and J. M. Cimbala, Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals and Applications, 3rd ed., New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2014.