Cement-Based Mortar Panels Reinforced with Recycled Steel Fibers in Flexural Strengthening of Concrete Beams

Ziaaddin Zamanzadeh; Farzin Hosseinzadeh; Mehdi Bashiri

doi:10.46604/ijeti.2021.7623

Authors

Ziaaddin Zamanzadeh Civil Engineering Department, Bostanabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bostanabad, Iran; Civil Engineering Department, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Farzin Hosseinzadeh Civil Engineering Department, Bostanabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bostanabad, Iran
Mehdi Bashiri Civil Engineering Department, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46604/ijeti.2021.7623

Keywords:

reinforced mortar, recycled steel fiber, finite-element analysis

Abstract

The effectiveness of a strengthening technique devised for the concrete beams subjected to bending is presented in this study, where recycled-steel fiber-reinforced mortar (RSFRM) panels are used as an eco-friendly replacement for ordinary steel fibers. Different mix designs for RSFRM are first investigated experimentally by testing 160 × 400 × 400 mm³ notched beam-like specimens in 3-point bending, while 100 × 100 × 100 mm³ cubes are tested in compression, to optimize the mix design. Finite element (FE) analyses are carried out on strengthened and non-strengthened beams to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening technique based on RSFRM panels. Starting from the tests on notched beams, an inverse FE analysis is used to optimize the RSFRM’s parameters to be implemented into the numerical model. The results show that applying RSFRM panels not only markedly increases the load-bearing capacity of the beams (up to 3.19 times with 3% of fibers by volume), but also changes their fracture mechanism from brittle to ductile fracture.

References

M. Deng, M. Zhang, F. Ma, F. Li, and H. Sun, “Flexural Strengthening of Over-Reinforced Concrete Beams with Highly Ductile Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer,” Engineering Structures, vol. 231, 111725, March 2021.

T. C. Triantafillou, “Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Epoxy-Bonded FRP Composites,” ACI Structural Journal, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 107-115, 1998.

S. Aykac, I. Kalkan, B. Aykac, S. Karahan, and S. Kayar, “Strengthening and Repair of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using External Steel Plates,” Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 139, no. 6, pp. 929-939, June 2013.

H. T. Choi, J. S. West, and K. A. Soudki, “Analysis of the Flexural Behavior of Partially Bonded FRP Strengthened Concrete Beams,” Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 375-386, August 2008.

T. S. Lok and J. R. Xiao, “Flexural Strength Assessment of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 188-196, August 1999.

A. K. H. Kwan and S. H. Chu, “Direct Tension Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Measured by a New Test Method,” Engineering Structures, vol. 176, pp. 324-336, December 2018.

S. H. Chu and A. K. H. Kwan, “A New Bond Model for Reinforcing Bars in Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 104, 103405, November 2019.

D. Burchart-Korol, “Life Cycle Assessment of Steel Production in Poland: A Case Study,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 54, pp. 235-243, September 2013.

M. Mastali, A. Dalvand, A. R. Sattarifard, and M. Illikainen, “Development of Eco-Efficient and Cost-Effective Reinforced Self-Consolidation Concretes with Hybrid Industrial/Recycled Steel Fibers,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 166, pp. 214-226, March 2018.

K. M. Liew and A. Akbar, “The Recent Progress of Recycled Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 232, 117232, January 2020.

M. Leone, G. Centonze, D. Colonna, F. Micelli, and M. A. Aiello, “Fiber-Reinforced Concrete with Low Content of Recycled Steel Fiber: Shear Behaviour,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 161, pp. 141-155, February 2018.

A. Simalti and A. P. Singh, “Comparative Study on Performance of Manufactured Steel Fiber and Shredded Tire Recycled Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 266, 121102, January 2021.

H. M. Elsanadedy, T. H. Almusallam, S. H. Alsayed, and Y. A. Al-Salloum, “Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams Using Textile Reinforced Mortar—Experimental and Numerical Study,” Composite Structures, vol. 97, pp. 40-55, March 2013.

Z. C. Tetta, L. N. Koutas, and D. A. Bournas, “Textile-Reinforced Mortar (TRM) Versus Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRP) in Shear Strengthening of Concrete Beams,” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 77, pp. 338-348, August 2015.

M. Herbrand, V. Adam, M. Classen, D. Kueres, and J. Hegger, “Strengthening of Existing Bridge Structures for Shear and Bending with Carbon Textile-Reinforced Mortar,” Materials, vol. 10, no. 9, 1099, September 2017.

Y. X. Du, X. Shao, S. H. Chu, F. Zhou, and R. K. L. Su, “Strengthening of Preloaded RC Beams Using Prestressed Carbon Textile Reinforced Mortar Plates,” Structures, vol. 30, pp. 735-744, April 2021.

N. Simoncello, P. Zampieri, J. Gonzalez-Libreros, and C. Pellegrino, “Experimental Behaviour of Damaged Masonry Arches Strengthened with Steel Fiber Reinforced Mortar (SFRM),” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 177, 107386, November 2019.

L. Carabba, M. Santandrea, C. Carloni, S. Manzi, and M. C. Bignozzi, “Steel Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Matrix (S-FRGM) Composites Applied to Reinforced Concrete Structures for Strengthening Applications: A Preliminary Study,” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 128, pp. 83-90, November 2017.

L. Lourenço, Z. Zamanzadeh, J. A. Barros, and M. Rezazadeh, “Shear Strengthening of RC Beams with Thin Panels of Mortar Reinforced with Recycled Steel Fibres,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 194, pp. 112-126, September 2018.

P. Balaguru and J. Kendzulak, “Mechanical Properties of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete (SIFCON),” Special Publication, vol. 105, pp. 247-268, 1987.

A. F. M. Azevedo, J. A. O. Barros, J. M. Sena-Cruz, and A. Ventura-Gouveia, “Software no Ensino e no Projecto de Estruturas,” III Congresso Luso-Moçambicano de Engenharia, Agosto 2003, pp. 81-92.

E. N. Pereira, J. A. Barros, and A. Camões, “Steel Fiber-Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete: Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation,” Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 134, no. 8, pp. 1310-1321, August 2008.

J. Sena-Cruz, J. A. Barros, A. Fernandes, Á. F. Azevedo, and A. Camões, “Stress-Crack Opening Relationship of Enhanced Performance Concrete,” 9th Portuguese Conference on Fracture, February 2004, pp. 1-9.

J. A. Barros, R. Gettu, and B. Barragán, “Material Nonlinear Analysis of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams Failing in Shear,” 6th International RILEM Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Concrete, September 2004, pp. 711-720.

L. Vandewalle, D. Nemegeer, L. Balazs, B. Barr, J. Barros, P. Bartos, et al., “σ-ε-Design Method,” Materials and Structures, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 560-567, October 2003.

J. A. Barros, H. Baghi, S. J. Dias, and A. Ventura-Gouveia, “A FEM-Based Model to Predict the Behaviour of RC Beams Shear Strengthened According to the NSM Technique,” Engineering Structures, vol. 56, pp. 1192-1206, November 2013.

L. Vandewalle, “Bending Test,” Materials and Structures, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 3-5, January 2000.

C. S. Whitney, “Design of Reinforced Concrete Members Under Flexure or Combined Flexure and Direct Compression,” Concrete International: Design and Construction, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 21-36, 2004.

H. S. Attar, M. R. Esfahani, and A. Ramezani, “Experimental Investigation of Flexural and Shear Strengthening of RC Beams Using Fiber-Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete Jackets,” Structures, vol. 27, pp. 46-53, October 2020.

Y. J. You, H. Y. Kim, G. S. Ryu, K. T. Koh, G. H. Ahn, and S. H. Kang, “Strengthening of Concrete Element with Precast Textile Reinforced Concrete Panel and Grouting Material,” Materials, vol. 13, no. 17, 3856, September 2020.