Comparison of Regenerative Braking Efficiencies of MY2012 and MY2013 Nissan Leaf
Keywords:
electric vehicles, regenerative braking, vehicle efficiencyAbstract
The use of kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS) is the best solution presently available to dramatically improve the energy economy of passenger cars. The paper presents an experimental analysis of the energy flow to and from the battery of a MY 2012 and a MY 2013 Nissan Leaf covering the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS). The two vehicles differ for the integration of the electric drivetrain component, plus a different use of the electric motor and the regenerative brakes, in addition to a different weight. It is shown that while the efficiency propulsive power to vehicle / power from battery are basically unchanged, at about 87-89 %, the efficiency power to the battery / braking power to vehicle are significantly improved from values of about 70-80 % to values of 72-87 %. The analysis provides a state-of-the-art benchmark of the propulsion and regenerative braking efficiencies of electric vehicles.References
“Monthly Electricity Statistics” https://www.iea.org/stats/surveys/MES.XLS, May 20, 2016.
A. Boretti, “Analysis of the Regenerative Braking Efficiency of a Latest Electric Vehicle,” SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2872, 2013.
“Nissan Leaf,” en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Leaf, May 20, 2016.
“Dynamometer Drive Schedules,” https://www.epa.gov/nvfel/testing/dynamometer.htm, May 20, 2016.
“Advanced Powertrain Research Facility - Downloadable Dynamometer Database (D3) 2012 Nissan Leaf,” https://www.anl.gov/energy-systems/group/downloadable dynamometer-database/electric-vehicles/2012-nissan-leaf, May 20, 2016.
“Advanced Powertrain Research Facility - Downloadable Dynamometer Database (D3) 2013 Nissan Leaf,” https://www.anl.gov/energy-sy stems/group/downloadable-dynamometer-database/electric-vehicles/2013-nissan-leaf-sv, May 20, 2016.
“Lightweight, compact and high-efficiency powertrain for EVs,”
https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/TECHNOLOGY/OVERVIEW/e_powertrain.html, May 20, 2016.
“Electric Driven Intelligent Brake,” https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/TECHNOLOGY/OVERVIEW/edib.html, May 20, 2016.
L. O. Valøen and M. I. Shoesmith, “The effect of PHEV and HEV duty cycles on battery and battery pack performance,” Plug-in Highway Electric Vehicle Conference, November, 2007.
“2013 Nissan Leaf Advanced Vehicle Testing – Baseline Testing Results,” avt.inel.gov/pdf/fsev/fact2013nissanleaf.pdf, May 20, 2016.
A. Boretti, “Comparison of fuel economies of high efficiency diesel and hydrogen engines powering a compact car with a flywheel based kinetic energy recovery systems,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 8417-8424, 2010.
A. A. Boretti,“Improvements of vehicle fuel economy using mechanical regenerative braking,” International Journal of Vehicle Design, vol.55, no. 1, pp. 35-48, 2011.
A. Boretti, “A novel mechanical kinetic energy recovery system to improve the performances and reduce the fuel consumption and the pollutant emissions,” FISITA EUROBRAKE 2012 Conference, April, 2012.
A. Boretti, J. Scalzo, and H. Masudi, “Alternative crankshaft mechanisms and kinetic energy recovery systems for improved fuel economy of light duty vehicles,” SAE Technical Paper, 2011.
A. Boretti and J. Scalzo, “Novel crankshaft mechanism and regenerative braking system to improve the fuel economy of passenger cars,” Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 189, pp. 19-44, 2013.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Notice
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication. Authors can retain copyright in their articles with no restrictions. Also, author can post the final, peer-reviewed manuscript version (postprint) to any repository or website.
Since Jan. 01, 2019, IJETI will publish new articles with Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.
The Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC-BY-NC) License permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
.jpg)
